Hydrocarbon solvent is widely used in industrial and civil industries, it can be used as a solvent diluent, and can be used as an additive to give full play to product performance, and can also be used as a medium and heat carrier in some specific chemical reactions. The following is a brief introduction to the application advantages of hydrocarbon solvents.
Chemical or biological agents used in industry to remove dirt are collectively referred to as industrial cleaning agents. The composition and use of industrial cleaning agents are different from civilian cleaning agents, such as dish soap, hand sanitizer and so on. Industrial cleaning agent refers to a cleaning agent used for industrial cleaning. Industrial cleaning agents are a large category, and widely used, a wide variety of surfactants commonly used anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and non-ionic surfactants, general low-bubble cleaning agents commonly used non-ionic surfactants.
Hydrocarbon industrial cleaning agents require strong cleaning efficiency, do not damage the surface of the material, and leave no oil spots after cleaning. Usually used saturated hydrocarbon solvent, this solvent can effectively remove all kinds of oil, grease and welding resin. Widely used in metal and precision device cleaning, electronic device assembly and maintenance cleaning. Chlorinated solvents such as dichloromethane, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene were used extensively in industrial cleaning in the past. As these chlorinated solvents are classified as hazardous air pollutants due to their toxic properties and low occupational exposure limits, they will be completely replaced by hydrocarbon cleaners that do not destroy the ozone layer.
Hydrocarbon solvent is also known as environmental cleaning agent, low viscosity, strong cleaning power, good anti-rust performance, almost no aromatic ingredients, cleaning stains and all kinds of resins, inks, aluminum, stainless steel, industrial grease and so on have excellent effects. Its main components are high-purity alkane hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon solvent is one of the commonly used dry cleaning solvents, and the hydrocarbon solvent used is still a product composed of petroleum hydrocarbons, and is still a mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons. High purity hydrocarbon solvent is an ideal solvent or carrier for chemical reaction. These hydrocarbon solvents can be used as catalysts in polymerization and other chemical reactions in petrochemical production, as reactant carriers and heat transport carriers, and even participate in the modification of carbon chains.
Iso-alkanes, dearomatic saturated hydrocarbons, aromatics and normal alkanes solvents can be used for the preparation of polyolefin, organic peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, as polyacrylamide emulsifiers, and as solvents, carriers or blowing agents in the chemical reactions for the preparation of diisocyanates, foamed polystyrene, ethylene oxide, antioxidants, and oilfield wastewater treatment additives.
Hydrocarbon solvents used in home decoration and decoration supplies, car care supplies, personal care supplies, etc., are household goods. High-quality hydrocarbon solvents used in this field include iso-alkanes, dearomatics and cycloalkanes, which can replace traditional solvents with lower environmental performance and are used in gloss, gloss wax, cleaning agents, stain remover, leather/shoe protection agents, household pesticides, air fresheners, windshield cleaners, instrument panel cleaners and scrubbing hand sanitizers. The aerosol, powder, liquid or paste produced by these solvents has good performance, high purity, low aromatic hydrocarbon content, and low irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory system; Moderate volatility, suitable for different applications; Will not cause metal corrosion or plastic packaging deformation; The low surface tension makes it have good wetting characteristics.
Industrial solvents are suitable for household decontamination solvents, and the types are relatively small due to safety considerations. Hydrocarbon solvents are cheaper to process and are commonly used for the amount of solubility of oils and fats. Kerosene is the representative of this kind of solvent, and is also the main solvent of dry cleaning agent. In addition, such as petroleum ether, cyclohexane, etc., are mainly used to erase stains on clothes, but the common disadvantage of such solvents is flammable and explosive, and special attention should be paid to avoid open flame when used. Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents are also commonly used as solvents, especially trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene are mainly used for dry cleaning agents and other washing solvents, especially trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene are mainly used for dry cleaning agents and other washing solvents, although this type of solvent has non-combustible or refractory characteristics, but its toxicity is larger than the general solvent, especially the most toxic carbon tetrachloride, family should not be used. The newly developed 1.1.1 trichloroethane is a low toxic solvent that can replace trichloroethylene. Its disadvantage is that it is easy to hydrolyze when it coexists with water. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are inflammable, low toxicity, is a relatively safe and stable solvent, can be used as a washing solvent, such solvents boiling point limit is relatively low, can be mixed with other solvents, as an eutectic mixture used to improve its decontamination effect.
Another important application area of hydrocarbon solvents is the preparation of pesticides and plant protection chemicals, and the solvents and diluents used in the production are aromatic hydrocarbon solvents and special solvents with special properties. The performance requirements of chemical solvents used for pesticides and plant protection are: good solubility to the original drug; Not volatile; Flash point is not lower than 27℃, not easy to burn; Low viscosity, low toxicity to humans and animals, no irritation; No harm to plants, safe to the environment; The supply is abundant and the price is moderate. It is difficult to select an ideal solvent that meets the requirements of various properties of a liquid preparation. For example, xylene as the solvent of pesticide cream can meet the requirements of solubility, low viscosity, low drug damage and low toxicity, but it has high vapor pressure, high volatility and easy combustion. The use of vegetable oil as pesticide oil suspension solvent can meet the requirements of low volatility, high viscosity, no harm and no toxicity, but it is difficult to compete with mineral oil in terms of supply and price. Therefore, in practice, mixed solvents are commonly used, both a main solvent and a co-solvent combination. The application of hydrocarbon solvents requires different dissolution capacities and different volatilization rates, and the solvent is also used as a synergistic component of the above products. Its unique properties include reducing the volatilization rate of the product, increasing the adhesion and wetting capacity, thereby increasing the effective capacity of the pesticide and enhancing the ability to penetrate the insect or leaf surface layer, while also modifying the waxy surface layer of the plant.
The coating industry requires high environmental performance of solvents, and also requires strong dissolution capacity and high volatilization rate. The high purity isomeric alkane solvent is especially suitable for the production of low odor coatings, and the high carbon aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is suitable for various advanced coatings. Solvent-based coatings are coatings prepared with organic solvents as dispersing media. Solvent-based coatings have great advantages from the performance comparison, and the selection range of resins is wide, and all kinds of resins can be dissolved in solvents, and the choice is wide. Different resins have their own unique properties, such as polyurethane has excellent weather resistance and chemical resistance, high gloss, wear resistance, etc., organosilicone resin has excellent heat resistance, can be used as a base material for heat and weather resistant coatings.
Industrial adhesives are widely used in construction, packaging, textiles, automobiles, shoemaking, electronics and electricians, book binding and so on. There are solvents and diluents in the composition of adhesives, and different adhesive systems have different requirements for solvents and diluents. Cyclohexane, dearomatic hexane and other dearomatic solvents in hydrocarbon solvents can be used as diluents for adhesives. When two polymers are in close contact with each other under the premise of compatibility, mutual diffusion can occur due to the Brownian motion of molecules or the swing of chain segments. This diffusion effect is interwoven through the interface of the adhesive, resulting in the disappearance of the interface and the generation of the transition zone, so as to form a strong joint, the adsorption between the adhesive and the bond surface can be a force acting alone, or several forces acting in combination. The key to produce good bond strength is whether the intermolecular contact can be reached between the adhesive solution and the joint surface. Industrial glue is an application classification of adhesives, which is used in industry to connect adhesive surfaces of homogeneous or heterogeneous objects, with continuous stress distribution, light weight, or sealing, and low temperature of most processes.
